Hundreds more free handouts at ozone layer discussion student as questions do not show these to student b 1 what springs to mind when you hear the words ozone layer 2 what is ozone and what does it do. We often think of ozone layer depletion as a modern problem, but it is something that started well before the 1970s. The natural distribution of ozone around the earth is. Index terms bio effects, chlorofluorocarbon, ozone layer depletion, protection. This means the potential of depleting the ozone layer is higher with volcanic smoke. What are the causes and effects of ozone depletion. One of the main reasons for the widespread concern about depletion of the ozone layer is the anticipated increase in the amounts of ultraviolet radiation received at the surface of the earth and the effect of this on human health and on the environment. The evaporation of surface water through the stomata of leaves increases, which results in the decreased moisture content of the soil. Ozone and environment ozone o3 a gas composed of three atoms of oxygen bluish gas that is harmful to breathe nearly 90% of the earths ozone is in the stratosphere and is referred to as the ozone layer ozone absorbs a band of ultraviolet radiation called uvb ozone depleting substances ods. Fire extinguishers contain halons and methyl bromide in the form of pesticides can also be also a cause for the depletion. Ozone o3 is a stratospheric layer that plays important role in providing support to humans for their survival. Approximately 90% ozone is present in stratosphere at the height of 10 to 17 kilometer and is called ozone layer while remain ing 10% is present in troposphere 3. Pdf causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on. Ozone in the stratosphere is being depleted by a variety of humanmade gases with a hole forming over antarctica.
May 30, 2017 as the eruption of mount pinatubo proved in 1991, natural eruptions can have a dramatic negative effect on the manmade ozone layer depletion chemicals that are in the atmosphere. Depletion to ozone layer depletion does not affect a region or a country. There is a corresponding hole over the arctic that similarly appears in the spring, although in some years warmer winters there do not result in a major depletion of the ozone layer. Since about the 1970s, there has been a decrease in total volume of the ozone in the ozone layer, of about 4%, per decade. Protecting the ozone layer department of the environment. The ozone depletion resulted in secondary production of an ozone layer near the ground terrestrial ozone layer, which is responsible for adverse effects on plants, humans and environment with increased number of bronchial diseases in humans. Case study on ozone layer free download as powerpoint presentation. There is a lot to learn about the breakdown of ozone in the atmosphere. The maps were produced with data collected by statellite istruments, including the ozone monitoring instrument on the aura satellite. Effects and measures to protect ozone layer depletion. The ozone layer in antarctica oceanwide expeditions.
Causes of ozone depletion ozone depletion occurs when the natural balance between the production and destruction of stratospheric ozone is tipped in favour of destruction. The ozone layer protects the surface of the earth and its phenomena from stray rays from the sun. The ozone layer is a belt of the naturallyoccuring gas ozone that sits at an altitude. Ozone layer depletion causes, effects and solutions 7. A global thinning of the ozone layer results as ozone rich air from the remaining ozone layer flows into the ozone poor. Ozone layer is a thin blanketlike layer that spreads over the atmosphere of the earth. When volcanoes erupt, they produce massive clouds of ashes into the troposphere, and then they drift upward into the stratosphere the upper atmosphere layer where ozone gas protects humans from uv radiation. However, the ozone layer is destroyed by manmade chemicals known as ozonedepleting substances ods. The chlorofluorocarbon and the halons are potent ozone depletors. Concentrations of ozonedepleting substances are expected to decline over the coming century, bringing a gradual recovery of the ozone layer. This layer absorbs 9399% of the suns high frequency ultraviolet light, which is potentially damaging to life on earth 1. The central hatchurcd area represents the antarctic ozone hole, as mapped by the. Ozone layer depletion cause, effects, and solutions.
It addressed the im portance of conservation of ozone layer and established. Life is protected from uv rays by stratospheric ozone layer which acts as a shield or sun screen 2. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole. A large and recurrent ozone hole, as found in the antarctic strat. These chemicals are found in cleaning agents, aerosols, insulating foam, and refrigerants. Ozone depletion is allowing the uv radiation to earth surface. The montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer.
Scientists have calculated that if the ozone layer was brought down to sea level it would be 3 mm thick, while in the antarctic the ozone can be as low as 1 mm thick. Ozone layer depletion and its control measures zilwach. The ultraviolet uv rays emitted from sun are captured by ozone and thereby provide a stable ontological structure in the biosphere. This is not really a hole through the ozone layer, but rather a large area of the stratosphere with extremely low amounts of ozone.
Ozone layer the ozone layer is basically naturally occurring gas in the region of stratosphere where ozone particles are accumulated 2. Lets have a look at some of the solutions to ozone layer depletion. Ozone layer is also naturally broken down but there is a balance between its formation and natural depletion. Mechanism of ozone depletion the reason for ozone depletion was earlier explained by various theories. Ozone is a gas that is present in the ozone layer in the stratosphere of the earth.
The main effect of ozone depletion is an increase in uvb rays reaching the earths surface causes. Mar 21, 2020 ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earth s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. Although its a hole in the ozone layer that we like to talk about, there have been decreases in stratospheric ozone over populated regions in the same time. Stratospheric ozone is constantly being created and destroyed through natural cycles. Ozone depletion and climate change environment canada.
The thinning is most pronounced in the polar regions, especially over antarctica. Effects of ozone layer depletion let us see a few possible effects of the ozone layer depletion on the earths environment and also on the plants and animals. Above northern europe, the decrease is estimated to be about 3. These ashes contain high concentration of bromine and chlorine. Environmental effects of ozone depletion ceda document repository. List of books and articles about ozone layer online. In fact whole world is vulnerable to its after affects. The ozone layer is a deep blanket in the stratosphere made up of comparatively high concentration of the ozone. Find out what caused the ozone hole, and how the 1989 montreal protocol sought to put an end to ozone depletion. There is a substantial time lag between the time when ods emissions begin to decline and the point at which the ozone layer begins to recover. It is an essential factor for many global, biological and environmental phenomena.
Ozone depletion consists of two related events observed since the late 1970s. Depletion is usually worse the further from the equator and recently an ozone hole as defined by a distinct area of very low ozone levels has been detected above the north pole in the arctic. In fact stratospheric ozone layer has the ability to filter the uv radiations. It allows only the required doses of the suns solar energy to reach the earths surface.
Pdf ozone o 3 is a stratospheric layer that plays important role in providing support to humans for their survival. Ozone layer depletion, its causes and its effects scribd. There is a burgeoning need to reduce the production of industrial products causing ozone depletion and global warming. Although natural phenomena can cause temporary ozone loss, chlorine and bromine released from manmade compounds such as cfcs are now accepted as the main cause of this. Dec 06, 2015 ozone layer the ozone layer or ozone shield refers to a region of earths stratosphere that absorbs most of the suns ultraviolet uv radiation. Frequently asked questions about the ozone layer ozone. Causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on human. Man has tried hard to deploy protective measures towards controlling the ozone layer. Introduction the ozone layer is a layer in earths atmosphere which contains relatively high concentrations of ozone o3. Causes, effects and solutions of ozone layer depletion.
Ozone depletion simple english wikipedia, the free. Apr 18, 2019 the ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Effects assessment panel necessarily addresses the consequences of ozone depletion in the. The severe depletion of the antarctic ozone layer known as the ozone hole occurs because of the special meteorological and chemical conditions that exist there when the very low winter temperatures in the antarctic stratosphere cause polar stratospheric clouds pscs to form which are isolated from stratospheric air in the polar vortex. The ozone hole is shown in purple above the antarctic on sept. The consequences of ozone layer depletion on the health of. The earths ozone layer is mainly found in the lower portion of the stratosphere from approximately 20 to 30. The ozone layer is a belt of the naturallyoccuring gas ozone that sits at an altitude of between 15 and 30 kilometers above the earth. Find out what caused the ozone hole, and how the 1989 montreal. The first one has been a slow, but steady ozone depletion of.
Vivert1448 priyanka n jeevan 1446 1453 rekha 1445 shabnam 1447. Thus, ozone layer depletion has become a major concern among the environmentalists. The ozone layer was discovered in 19 by the french physicists charles fabry and henri buisson. Most ozone is found in the stratosphere upper part of the atmosphere, more than 10 to 16 kms from the surface of the earth. The ozone layer is a belt of naturally occurring ozone gas that sits 9.
Yes, significant depletion of the arctic ozone layer now occurs in some years in the late winterearly spring period januaryapril. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Scientists discovered in the mid1970s that certain manmade chemicals could destroy ozone. Another most feared aspect of pollution is depletion of ozone layer of the stratosphere. Why the ozone layer is vital to life on earth the ozone layer is a protective shield that blocks the suns harmful ultraviolet rays from reaching the earths surface. In response to this and additional fears about more widespread global ozone depletion, the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer was implemented in 1987. Ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earth s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. The causes, mechanism and bioeffects of ozone layer depletion on humans were addressed. Ozone depletion over india with so much worry about the rapid ozone depletion taking place in various parts of the earth, indian scientists are closely monitoring the ozone layer over india for possible depletion trends. Its consequences, the causal debate, and international cooperation number 6 february 8, 1988 since the announcement of a thinning of the ozone layer over the antarctic by uk scientists in 1985, world attention has been focusing on the causes of this phenomenon.
Ozone layer the ozone layer or ozone shield refers to a region of earths stratosphere that absorbs most of the suns ultraviolet uv radiation. More recently, fears have emerged about significant ozone depletion over the arctic, closer to the more populous regions of the northern hemisphere. Health and environmental effects of ozone layer depletion. Dermatologists raise the problem of increased sunlight penetration and the unreasonable use of solar radiation. Ozone in the ozone layer is formed by the action of solar ultraviolet light on oxygen. As a result of its chemical composition, ozone is regarded as a special type of oxygen as it contains three oxygen molecules o3 as opposed to the usual two oxygen molecules o2. Stratospheric ozone depletion leads to an increase in uvb that reach the earths surface, where it can disrupt biological processes and damage a number of materials. The depletion of ozone layer allows entering of uv rays from sun into the earths atmosphere which is associated with a number of health related and environmental issues. There are natural processes that create and destroy ozone in the stratosphere. The effects of ozone layer depletion are as follows. Although it was long suspected, the first confirmed sighting of a large hole in the ozone layer was reported over antarctica in 1985. Stratospheric ozone depletion leads to an increase in uvb that reach the earths surface, where it can disrupt biological processes and damage a number of materials the fact that uvb can cause biological effects is well demonstrated by the familiar sunburn that follows. It takes years for cfcs and other ozonedepleting compounds to reach the stratosphere.
Ozone is the layer present in stratosphere which protects the life on earth from harmful effects of uv radiations. There, it will absorb almost all ultraviolet light which is harmful to many organisms. The ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Stratospheric ozone protection awards since 1990, epa has recognized outstanding achievement in ozone layer protection. Human activities like pollution and emissions already send lots of halogen gases into the stratosphere but, scientists have noted that halogens from volcanoes contain twice and thrice as many halogens that human activities even produce. Environmental effects and interactions of stratospheric ozone.
High up in our atmosphere, it performs a vital role in protecting humans and living things on earth from harmful uvb and uvc rays from the sun. Potential consequences of enhanced levels of exposure of aquatic ecosystems to uvb. However, the maximum depletion is less severe than that observed in the antarctic and is more variable from year to year. This legally binding international treaty called for participating developed nations to reduce the use of cfcs and other ozone depleting substances. The vienna convention for protection of ozone layer was adopted by 43 nations in 1985. What is the impact of volcanic ash on the ozone layer. The ozone layer acts as a natural filter, absorbing most of the suns burning ultraviolet uv rays. In the upper atmosphere, atmospheric gases absorbs the suns radiation, get ionized, and release molecules. Case study on ozone layer ozone depletion chlorofluorocarbon. Various anthropogenic activities such as emissions of. The health effect on humans from ozone depletion is widely varied.
The rate of degradation of ozone layer is estimated to be around 1% per 10 years. Pdf depletion of the ozone layer and its consequences. The main effect of ozone depletion is an increase in uvb rays reaching the earths surface. It contains high concentrations of ozone o3 relative to other parts of the atmosphere, although still.
The connection between ozone layer depletion and uvb radiation. Ozone layer depletion, its causes and its effects free download as powerpoint presentation. Ozone and environment ozone o3 a gas composed of three atoms of oxygen bluish gas that is harmful to breathe nearly 90% of the earths ozone is in the stratosphere and is referred to as the ozone layer ozone absorbs a band of ultraviolet radiation called uvb ozonedepleting substances ods. One example of ozone depletion is the annual ozone hole over antarctica that has occurred during the antarctic spring since the early 1980s. This is the cause for the nearly 80% of the ozone depletion. Nearly 500 organizations, teams, and individuals from 40 countries have received stratospheric ozone protection awards for their exceptional leadership, personal dedication, and technical achievements. In lower atmosphere, atmospheric oxygen get dissociated and subsequently combines with. Since ozone is the earths protection against ultraviolet uv radiation, a reduction in the ozone layer causes more uvb wavelengths to reach the surface of the earth. Pdf causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on human. This ozone layer sustains life on the earth by absorbing a great deal of uv ultra violet light radiating out of sun. It is formed slowly over the period of 2500 million years. When highenergy ultraviolet rays uvc strike an oxygen. It is revealed that introduction of chloroflourocarbons cfcs in the environment is the most rated cause of said depiction. Ozone depletion is primarily caused by human activities.
Ozone depleting substances are the substances such as chlorofluorocarbons, halons, carbon tetrachloride, hydrofluorocarbons, etc. The term ozone depletion can refer to a number of distinct, but related phenomena. Ozone depletion describes two distinct, but related observations. Depletion of stratospheric ozone o3, as commonly known as the hole in the ozone layer, is an issue of international concern. Ozone depletion over india with so much worry about the rapid ozone depletion taking place in various parts of the earth, indian scientists are closely monitoring the ozone layer over india for possible. The increase in the levels of uv rays lead to high rate of skin cancer and eye related problems. Causes of ozone depletion there are two different types of ozone depletion, both are very similar. Reduced ozone levels as a result of ozone depletionozone depletiona chemical destruction of the stratospheric ozone layer beyond natural reactions. The ozone layer vital for life the ozone layer is a layer of gas about 15 km above the earths surface. The proteins cells in plants undergo harmful mutations, all due to ultraviolet radiations. As a result the total amount of ozone remains constant.
The ozone layer prevents most ultraviolet uv and other highenergy radiation from penetrating to the earths surface. This article presents the results of the observation of cases of skin melanomas in poland. The aim of the article is to signal the threat posed by the depletion of the ozone layer in poland. The latest ozone layer depletion news is included at the foot of the page. Following is the list of some of the main ozone depleting substances and the sources from where they are released. Cfcs, hcfcs, halons, methyl bromide, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl chloroform. There are many situations where human activities have. Ashes can stay in the stratosphere for about two to. No one knows for certain how much more ozone depletion will occur. Ozone present in the stratosphere forms a protective layer and known as ozone layer, ozonosphere or ozone umbrella its concentration in atmosphere is about 10 ppm.